Articular chondral defects occur frequently and represent common findings among knee arthroscopic procedures. If left untreated they can lead to several morbidities, joint dysfunction and eventually to osteoarthritis. Patients with symptomatic chondral lesions describe a variety of symptoms such as pain, swelling, stiffness, clicking or locking. The treatment of these lesions remains challenging due to the limited healing capacity of the tissue. Various repair strategies have been proposed in the literature including debridement, bone marrow-stimulation, cells-based, cells plus scaffold-based and whole tissue transplantation techniques. In the last two decades, the biological applications have become the most popular and widely accepted treatment for cartilage defects to enhance healing and promote regeneration. Indeed, regenerative medicine bolsters the natural healing in the tissue reconstruction, by generating conditions that promote tissue rebuilding to restore impaired function.